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Science news of the day: Is a new explanation needed for plate tectonics?

( Posted 3/23/2012; this article does not belong to me.)

The behavior of the plates can’t be explained just by a layer of partially molten rock. There are details missing.

“Something has to decouple the crustal plates from the asthenosphere so they can slide over it. Numerous theories have been proposed, and one of those was that a melt-rich layer lubricates the boundary between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere, allowing the crustal plates to slide,” says Dr. Nicholas Schmerr.

However, since this layer is only present in certain regions under the Pacific plate, it can’t be the only mechanism that allows plate tectonics to happen there. Something else must be letting the plate slide in areas where the melt doesn’t exist.”


(SOURCE; press this link to read the rest of the article.)

News of the day: High school students walk out in protest of Trayvon Martin shooting.

Posted 3/23/2012; this article does not belong to me. Press the link for the article.

News of the day: High consumption of trans fat can shrink your brain.

bloodredorion:

Posted 3/22/2012; this article does not belong to me.

Studies have shown that trans fats decrease your memory, decrease your cognitive function, and make you less able to concentrate as well; leading the studies to show that high consumption of trans fat can increase your likeliness to get alzheimer’s disease.

They took Alzheimer’s patients and measured the amount of trans fat in their bodily fluids; what they found may surprise you. Those with more trans fat in their blood had worsened memory and worsened cognitive functions than the alzheimer’s patients who didn’t have trans fat. Those that had a higher trans fat diet had smaller brains.

So studies have shown that trans fat will increase your likeliness to get Alzheimer’s disease. Which goes to show you that what you eat DOES have an effect on your body.

However, some boxed foods, chips, cookies, and other snacks claim to have 0 trans fat on the front of their box, when they still, in fact, have trans fat !
This is because they are able to pass the FDA requirement. They will say there is 0.5 trans fat in one serving, and then they are able to claim that there is no trans fat in the food; but the serving size is usually so small, that people tend to eat over the serving anyway— meaning, they are getting that intake of trans fat from a food that claims to have 0 trans fat.

So how do you avoid the trans fat?
If you look at the ingredients, there will be a word ” Hydrogenated”. Hydrogenated is just another term for trans fat; so if you see the word trans fat or hydrogenated, you should probably avoid that food.

( Read more for the actual article)

cwnl:

Has Science Found The First White Hole?

The universe is littered with the weird and wonderful and GRB 060614 could turn out to be one of the weirdest and most wonderful of them all.

GRB 060614, which we’ll call Ralph to smooth things along, was a gamma-ray burst with some very puzzling properties detected by Nasa’s Swift satellite on June 14, 2006.

Gamma-ray bursts are the most powerful explosions in the universe. They usually come in two flavours: long bursts, which are normally caused by the sudden release of energy that occurs when a collapsing star forms a black hole in a massive supernova event, and short bursts, which occur when two neutron stars – the superdense remains of dead stars – collide.

Ralph’s gamma ray burst lasted 102 seconds, which put it firmly in the long burst camp. But there was a problem: no supernovae had been recorded anywhere in Ralph’s vicinity. At the time, its discoverers were baffled, and exclaimed: ‘This is brand new territory, we have no theories to guide us.

Now, five years later, a theory has emerged: it could be a white hole. A white hole is a theoretical beastie that exists as a set of equations that were a by-product of Einstein’s theory of relativity. It is basically a black hole in reverse. If a black hole is an object from which nothing can escape, then a white hole is an object into which nothing can enter – it can only radiate energy and matter.

Read More

cwnl:

Physicists Create Magnetic Invisibility Cloak
The sneaky science of “cloaking” just keeps getting richer. Physicists and engineers had already demonstrated rudimentary invisibility cloaks that can hide objects from light, sound, and water waves. Now, they’ve devised an “antimagnet” cloak that can shield an object from a constant magnetic field without disturbing that field. If realized, such a cloak could have medical applications, researchers say.
“This will take cloaking technology another step forward,” says John Pendry, a theorist at Imperial College London and co-inventor of the original cloaking idea, who was not involved in the present work.
In fact, shutting out a static magnetic field to protect an object isn’t that hard. All a researcher needs to do is to encase the object in a container made of a “superconductor,” a material that will carry electrical current without any resistance when it is cooled sufficiently close to absolute zero. If the container encounters a magnetic field, currents within the conductor will flow to generate a field that counteracts the applied field. In an ordinary conductor, the resistance of the metal quickly snuffs out those currents. In a superconductor, however, those currents just keep flowing, creating a magnetic field that exactly cancels the applied field and zeroing out the total field within the container.
Read Article

cwnl:

Physicists Create Magnetic Invisibility Cloak

The sneaky science of “cloaking” just keeps getting richer. Physicists and engineers had already demonstrated rudimentary invisibility cloaks that can hide objects from light, sound, and water waves. Now, they’ve devised an “antimagnet” cloak that can shield an object from a constant magnetic field without disturbing that field. If realized, such a cloak could have medical applications, researchers say.

“This will take cloaking technology another step forward,” says John Pendry, a theorist at Imperial College London and co-inventor of the original cloaking idea, who was not involved in the present work.

In fact, shutting out a static magnetic field to protect an object isn’t that hard. All a researcher needs to do is to encase the object in a container made of a “superconductor,” a material that will carry electrical current without any resistance when it is cooled sufficiently close to absolute zero. If the container encounters a magnetic field, currents within the conductor will flow to generate a field that counteracts the applied field. In an ordinary conductor, the resistance of the metal quickly snuffs out those currents. In a superconductor, however, those currents just keep flowing, creating a magnetic field that exactly cancels the applied field and zeroing out the total field within the container.

Read Article

laboratoryequipment:

Algorithms Make Better Robot Arms

By combining two innovative algorithms researchers have built a new robotic motion-planning system that calculates much more efficient trajectories through free space.

Read more: http://laboratoryequipment.com/news-Algorithms-Makes-Better-Robot-Arms-092211.aspx

14-billion-years-later:

The Experiment Behind the Claims of Faster-Than-Light Travel.In this post I’d just like to go over the actual experiment itself just to clarify details. Over the last 3 years a team of physicists have shot 15,000 beams of neutrinos from the CERN headquarters DIRECTLY at the Gran Sasso laboratory in Italy in an experiment dubbed OPERA. When I say directly that’s exactly what I mean, the neutrinos themselves would have passed through air, rock and water before arriving at the underground laboratory. Luckily neutrinos are known for their ability to move through objects unimpeded, right now for example thousands are passing through you and the Earth itself without you even noticing.All in all the neutrinos covered a distance of around about 500 miles or 730 kms away. A distance that would take unimpeded light 2.4 thousandths of a second to travel. The neutrinos interestingly enough appear to have arrived 60 billionths of a second faster than light should have. This may seem like a small difference, but the fact that a particle with, even a relatively small, mass can not only travel at light speed, but also faster is conceptually interesting to say the least. I strongly urge people to examine this discovery with as much skepticism as possible.

14-billion-years-later:

The Experiment Behind the Claims of Faster-Than-Light Travel.

In this post I’d just like to go over the actual experiment itself just to clarify details. Over the last 3 years a team of physicists have shot 15,000 beams of neutrinos from the CERN headquarters DIRECTLY at the Gran Sasso laboratory in Italy in an experiment dubbed OPERA. When I say directly that’s exactly what I mean, the neutrinos themselves would have passed through air, rock and water before arriving at the underground laboratory. Luckily neutrinos are known for their ability to move through objects unimpeded, right now for example thousands are passing through you and the Earth itself without you even noticing.

All in all the neutrinos covered a distance of around about 500 miles or 730 kms away. A distance that would take unimpeded light 2.4 thousandths of a second to travel. The neutrinos interestingly enough appear to have arrived 60 billionths of a second faster than light should have. This may seem like a small difference, but the fact that a particle with, even a relatively small, mass can not only travel at light speed, but also faster is conceptually interesting to say the least. I strongly urge people to examine this discovery with as much skepticism as possible.

cwnl:

What’s Inside a Black Hole?

A Thrill Ride to ‘the Other Side of Infinity’

Video game technology and Einstein’s work on relativity may at first seem as unlikely a couple as Oscar and Felix.

But to Andrew J. S. Hamilton, a professor of astrophysics at the University of Colorado, they are perfect together.

What gamer programs do with increasing speed, sophistication and computational muscle, Dr. Hamilton said, is visualize things that have never been seen in the real world. And what Einstein described, especially in his theory of general relativity, are forces of time and space literally outside the real world we know, or can know.

“What if you could take people through a wormhole the way Einstein’s equations said it would be?” he said in interview in his office on the Boulder campus. “And what if you could bring art and science together in a way that compromised neither?”

That is where black holes come in. Dr. Hamilton’s marriage of video game software and relativity, which he has fashioned into a “Black Hole Flight Simulator,” is at the heart of a new show at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science that takes viewers on a 23-minute thrill ride to what the program notes call “the other side of infinity.”